Do Patients with Bronchiectasis Have an Increased Risk of Developing Lung Cancer? A Systematic Review

Author:

Castaldo Nadia1,Fantin Alberto1,Manera Massimiliano2,Patruno Vincenzo1ORCID,Sartori Giulia2,Crisafulli Ernesto2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pulmonology, University Hospital of Udine (ASUFC), 33100 Udine, Italy

2. Respiratory Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona and Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy

Abstract

Background: Initial evidence supports the hypothesis that patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) have a higher risk of lung cancer. We systematically reviewed the available literature to define the characteristics of lung malignancies in patients with bronchiectasis and the characteristics of patients who develop bronchiectasis-associated lung cancer. Method: This study was performed based on the PRISMA guidelines. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. Results: The frequency rates of lung cancer in patients with NCFB ranged from 0.93% to 8.0%. The incidence rate was 3.96. Cancer more frequently occurred in the elderly and males. Three studies found an overall higher risk of developing lung cancer in the NCFB population compared to the non-bronchiectasis one, and adenocarcinoma was the most frequently reported histological type. The effect of the co-existence of NCFB and COPD was unclear. Conclusions: NCFB is associated with a higher risk of developing lung cancer than individuals without NCFB. This risk is higher for males, the elderly, and smokers, whereas concomitant COPD’s effect is unclear.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Paleontology,Space and Planetary Science,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

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