Supplemental Psyllium Fiber Increases Antimicrobial Proteins via the Tuft Cell-ILC2 Circuit and Type II Immune Response in the Mouse Small Intestine

Author:

Ishii Yoshiki1ORCID,Matsunaga Taiyo1,Yasui Tomoki1,Rini Dina Mustika12ORCID,Inoue Ryo3ORCID,Yamamoto Yoshinari1,Suzuki Takuya1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan

2. Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Surabaya 60294, Indonesia

3. Faculty of Agriculture, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata 573-0101, Japan

Abstract

Dietary fibers regulate intestinal barrier function; however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the effects of psyllium fibers on antimicrobial protein expression, focusing on the type II immunity and tuft cell-group 2 innate lymphoid cell (ILC2) circuit in the small intestine of the mouse. Supplemental psyllium fiber upregulated antimicrobial proteins, such as small proline-rich protein 2A (SPRR2A) and resistin-like beta (RELMβ), in mouse small intestine, evidently affecting cecal microbiota composition. The psyllium fibers also increased the RNA and protein expression of molecules related to ILC2 and tuft cells, such as IL-13, IL-25, DCLK1, Gfi-1b, SH2 domain-containing protein 3C, and Spi-B. In addition, ILC2 inhibitor (disulfiram) and bitter taste receptor blocker administration reduced psyllium-induced SPRR2A and RELMβ expression. Collectively, psyllium supplementation upregulates antimicrobial proteins such as SPRR2A and RELMß via the type II immune response and tuft cell-ILC2 circuit in the mouse small intestine.

Funder

JSPS Kakenhi

Tojuro Iijima Foundation for Food Science and Technology

Publisher

MDPI AG

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