Variable Wavefront Curvature Phase Retrieval Compared to Off-Axis Holography and Its Useful Application to Support Intraoperative Tissue Discrimination

Abstract

Quantitative phase imaging can reveal morphological features without having to stain the biological sample. This property has important implications for intraoperative applications since the time spent during histopathology can be reduced from a few minutes to a few seconds. However, most common quantitative phase imaging techniques are based on the interferometric principle, which makes them more prone to disturbing environmental influences, such as temperature drift and air turbulence. In the last decade, with the advance of computing power, many different iterative quantitative phase imaging techniques, which only require the recording of the diffracted wavefield, and therefore offer increased robustness towards environmental disturbances, have been proposed. These are particularly well-suited for the application outside the well-controlled lab environment such as an operating theatre. The optical performance of our developed iterative phase retrieval method based on variable wavefront curvature will be evaluated by reference to off-axis digital holography and applied for intraoperative discrimination of tissue.