Personalizing Personalized Medicine: The Confluence of Pharmacogenomics, a Person’s Medication Experience and Ethics

Author:

Stratton Timothy P.1,Olson Anthony W.2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. University of Minnesota College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Duluth, MN 55812, USA

2. Essentia Institute of Rural Health, Duluth, MN 55805, USA

Abstract

Truly personalized precision medicine combines pharmacogenomics (PGx), a person’s lived medication experiences and ethics; person-centeredness lies at the confluence of these considerations. A person-centered perspective can help inform PGx-related treatment guidelines, shared decision-making for PGx-related therapeutics and PGx-related healthcare policy. This article examines the interplay between these components of person-centered PGx-related care. Ethics concepts addressed include privacy, confidentiality, autonomy, informed consent, fiduciary responsibility, respect, the burden of pharmacogenomics knowledge for both the patient and healthcare provider and the pharmacist’s ethical role in PGx-testing. Incorporating the patient’s lived medication experience and ethics principles into PGx-based discussions of treatment can optimize the ethical, person-centered application of PGx testing to patient care.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Microbiology (medical),Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

Reference56 articles.

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3. Cipolle, R.J., Strand, L.M., and Morley, P.C. (2012). Pharmaceutical Care Practice: The Patient Centered Approach to Medication Management, McGraw-Hill. [3rd ed.].

4. Institute of Medicine (2001). Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century, National Academy Press.

5. What is the right thing to do: Use of a relational ethic framework to guide clinical decision-making;Pollard;Int. J. Caring Sci.,2015

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