1. Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions, Henan University, Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
2. College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
3. Henan Industrial Technology Academy of Spatiotemporal Big Data, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
4. Urban Big Data Institute, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
5. Henan Technology Innovation Center of Spatiotemporal Big Data, Henan University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
6. School of Future Technology, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China