Study of Gold Nanoparticles Conjugated with SARS-CoV-2 S1 Spike Protein Fragments

Author:

Jelen Žiga1,Kovač Janez2ORCID,Rudolf Rebeka1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia

2. Department of Surface Engineering, Institut Jožef Stefan, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

Abstract

This study reports on the successful conjugation of SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein fragments with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that were synthesised with Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis (USP). This method enables the continuous synthesis of AuNPs with a high degree of purity, round shapes, and the formation of a surface that allows various modifications. The conjugation mechanism of USP synthesized AuNPs with SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein fragments was investigated. A gel electrophoresis experiment confirmed the successful conjugation of AuNPs with SARS-CoV-2 S1 fragments indirectly. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic O1s and N1s peaks, which indicated that specific binding between AuNPs and SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein fragments takes place via a peptide bond formed with the citrate stabiliser. This bond is coordinated to the AuNP’s surface and the N-terminals of the protein, with the conjugate displaying the expected response within a prototype LFIA test. This study will help in better understanding the behaviour of AuNPs synthesised with USP and their potential use as sensors in colorimetric or electrochemical sensors and LFIA tests.

Funder

Slovenian Research Agency

Training and funding of a Young Researcher, (Co) Financing Agreements

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering

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