Acetylated Nanocelluloses Reinforced Shape Memory Epoxy with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Outstanding Shape Memory Effect

Abstract

Shape memory polymers (SMPs) have aroused much attention owing to their large deformation and programmability features. Nevertheless, the unsatisfactory toughness and brittleness of SMPs still restrict their practical intelligent applications, e.g., textiles, flexible electronics, and metamaterials. This study employed nature-derived nanocelluloses (NCs) as the reinforcement to fabricate shape memory epoxy-based nanocomposites (SMEPNs). An acetylation modification approach was further proposed to ameliorate the intrinsic incompatibility between NCs and epoxy matrix. The storage modulus increases, and the shape memory effect (SME) sustains after acetylated nanocelluloses (ANCs) incorporation. The SMEPNs with 0.06 wt.% ANCs loading perform the most exceptional toughness improvement over 42%, along with the enhanced fracture strain, elastic modulus, and ultimate strength. The incorporated nanoscale ANCs effectively impede crack propagation without deterioration of the macromolecular movability, resulting in excellent mechanical properties and SME.