Copper Recovery from Aqueous Solutions by Hemp Shives: Adsorption Studies and Modeling

Abstract

This article describes the performance of hemp shives, a co-product of the hemp industry, when used as an adsorbent to recover copper present in aqueous solutions by a batch method. Two materials provided by an industrial partner, namely water-washed hemp shives (SHI-W) and Na2CO3-activated shives (SHI-C), were studied. Two important variables in the water treatment industry, i.e., pH and ionic strength of the solution, were studied to evaluate their impact on the purification performance of the materials. The results obtained clearly indicated that the performance in terms of Cu removal obtained from the SHI-C material was significantly higher than that obtained with SHI-W, mainly due to the structural and chemical modifications after carbonate treatment. For each dose of this adsorbent, a percentage of recovery between 90 and 100% was achieved, independently of the pH value in the range 3–5. In the case of SHI-W, the highest values were between 60 and 75% and were both dependent on the pH and the dose used. SHI-C was also able to selectively remove 70% of copper in the presence of NaCl 1 M. The analysis of the isotherms indicated the presence of a complex adsorption mechanism that cannot be described by only one isotherm model.