Annual Effect of the VRF Control Algorithm in Response to the TOU Rate Plan

Author:

Lee Je-Hyeon1,Song Young-hak2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Refrigeration and Air-conditioning, Pukyong National University, Yongso-ro 45, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea

2. Department of Architectural Engineering, ERI, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju-daero 501, Jinju City 52828, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Many countries adopt a time-of-use (TOU) rate system, in which electricity rates vary by season and time of day, to reduce power usage during peak power consumption hours. South Korea offers a TOU rate plan that depends on the electricity usage of a building and its contracted power; in this plan, the electricity rate reaches up to 300% depending on the time of day. Hence, electrically powered variable refrigerant flow (VRF) systems are increasingly being installed in small- and medium-sized buildings requiring individual cooling and heating operations. This study aims to develop a new control algorithm to reduce electricity consumption and electricity rates for cooling and heating by VRF systems in university buildings adopting the TOU rate plan and apply it to actual buildings to verify the reduction effect. The proposed control algorithm primarily consists of a module that controls the refrigerant evaporation temperature (cooling) and high pressure (heating) according to the indoor heat load and a module that controls the indoor set temperature based on the hourly electricity rate. The developed algorithm was installed in the controller of a VRF system installed in an actual university building and the annual effect was verified using the method proposed by the International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocol. As a result, power consumption was reduced by 17.8% for heating and 4.0% for cooling due to the application of the control algorithm, and the electricity rates reduced by 19.2% and 7.3%, respectively.

Funder

Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Geography, Planning and Development,Building and Construction

Reference21 articles.

1. (2023, April 24). 2050 Carbon Neutral. Available online: https://www.korea.kr/special/policyCurationView.do?newsId=148881562.

2. (2023, April 24). The 2050 Carbo Neutrality and Green Growth Commission. Available online: https://2050cnc.go.kr.

3. Achieving Better Energy-Efficient Air Conditioning–A Review of Technologies and Strategies;Chua;Appl. Energy,2013

4. Lee, J.H., Yoon, H.J., Im, P., and Song, Y.H. (2018). Verification of Energy Reduction Effect through Control Optimization of Supply Air Temperature in VRF-OAP System. Energies, 11.

5. Big Ladder Software (2023, April 24). Engineering Reference—EnergyPlus 8.6. Available online: http://bigladdersoftware.com/epx/docs/8-6/engineering-reference/variable-refrigerant-flow-heat-pumps.html#variablerefrigerant-flow-heat-pump-model-system-curve-based-model.

Cited by 1 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3