Tumor Characteristics Associated with Axillary Nodal Positivity in Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Author:

Chintapally Neha1,Englander Katherine1ORCID,Gallagher Julia1,Elleson Kelly2,Sun Weihong3,Whiting Junmin4,Laronga Christine3,Lee Marie Catherine3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33602, USA

2. Regional Breast Care, Genesis Care Network, 8931 Colonial Center Dr #301, Fort Myers, FL 33905, USA

3. Comprehensive Breast Program, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA

4. Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA

Abstract

Larger-size primary tumors are correlated with axillary metastases and worse outcomes. We evaluated the relationships among tumor size, location, and distance to nipple relative to axillary node metastases in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, as well as the predictive capacity of imaging. We conducted a single-institution, retrospective chart review of stage I–III TNBC patients diagnosed from 1998 to 2019 who underwent upfront surgery. Seventy-three patients had a mean tumor size of 20 mm (range 1–53 mm). All patients were clinically node negative. Thirty-two patients were sentinel lymph node positive, of whom 25 underwent axillary lymph node dissection. Larger tumor size was associated with positive nodes (p < 0.001): the mean tumor size was 14.30 mm in node negative patients and 27.31 mm in node positive patients. Tumor to nipple distance was shorter in node positive patients (51.0 mm) vs. node negative patients (73.3 mm) (p = 0.005). The presence of LVI was associated with nodal positivity (p < 0.001). Tumor quadrant was not associated with nodal metastasis. Ultrasound yielded the largest number of suspicious findings (21/49), with sensitivity of 0.25 and specificity of 0.40. On univariate analysis, age younger than 60 at diagnosis was also associated with nodal positivity (p < 0.002). Comparative analyses with other subtypes may identify biologic determinants.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

Reference37 articles.

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4. Triple negative tumours: A critical review;Tutt;Histopathology,2007

5. Descriptive analysis of estrogen receptor (er)-negative, progesterone receptor (pr)-negative, and HER2-negative invasive breast cancer, the so-called triple-negative phenotype;Bauer;Cancer,2007

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