Research on Thermodynamic Characteristics of Hydraulic Power Take-Off System in Wave Energy Converter

Abstract

Hydraulic power-take-off (PTO) systems which utilize high-pressure oil circuits to transmit energy are widely applied in wave energy generation. The properties of hydraulic oil are significantly influenced by environmental conditions, and its dynamic viscosity is sensitive to temperature, especially in relatively low-temperature cases. This paper studies the characteristics of the hydraulic PTO when started in different temperature conditions via numerical analysis and experimental verification. An improved numerical model of the hydraulic PTO system is proposed, in which the effects of temperature on the hydraulic oil viscosity and hydraulic motor efficiency are quantitatively investigated, and consequently, the thermal-hydraulic characteristics can be sufficiently considered. The performances of the hydraulic PTO in start-up processes with different initial temperatures and in long term operation are assessed. The results show that the presented model can reasonably describe the hydraulic PTO characteristics. The efficiency of hydraulic PTO degrades when it starts at low temperatures. The efficiency increases in relatively high temperature, while larger fluctuations of the flow rate and output power are observed. This study can provide guidance for enhancing the efficiency and consistency of hydraulic PTO operating in actual sea conditions.