Ultrasound and Elastosonographic Features of the Patellar Ligament in Dogs Affected by Cranial Cruciate Ligament Disease

Author:

Pennasilico Luca1ORCID,Volta Antonella2,Sassaroli Sara1ORCID,Di Bella Caterina1ORCID,Riccio Valentina1,Pilati Nicola1ORCID,Tambella Adolfo Maria1ORCID,Dini Fabrizio1,Palumbo Piccionello Angela1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy

2. Department of Veterinary Medicine Science, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the morpho-functional change in the patellar ligament in dogs with cranial cruciate ligament disease. We hypothesized that it may show increased thickening and stiffness with increasing days from onset to diagnosis instead of trauma. Understanding this aspect has implications for the choice of timing for treating patients suffering from cranial cruciate ligament disease, as well as the contextualization of patellar ligament desmitis pictures after surgical treatment with tibial plateau leveling osteotomy or tibial tuberosity advancement. Thirty-three dogs affected by unilateral cranial cruciate disease were examined and divided into three groups based on the time elapsed from the onset of lameness to diagnosis: Group 1 (1–15 days), Group 2 (16–60 days), and Group 3 (over 60 days). Conventional B-mode ultrasonographic and elastosonographic examinations of the patellar ligament were performed without sedation for each dog. Upon ultrasonographic examination, all dogs showed modification in the echostructure of the patellar ligament. In addition, the patellar ligament tended to become harder with increasing days after disease, although there were no significant differences between groups. Our results show that as the time increases between the onset of cranial cruciate ligament disease and diagnosis and treatment, the patellar ligament progressively thickens and loses its elasticity.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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