Polymer Waveguide Sensor Based on Evanescent Bragg Grating for Lab-on-a-Chip Applications

Author:

Zhang Zhenyu12ORCID,Abdalwareth Ahmad12,Flachenecker Günter1,Angelmahr Martin1ORCID,Schade Wolfgang12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department for Fiber Optical Sensor Systems, Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute, 38640 Goslar, Germany

2. Institute of Energy Research and Physical Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, 38640 Goslar, Germany

Abstract

In this work, an evanescent Bragg grating sensor inscribed in a few-mode planar polymer waveguide was integrated into microchannel structures and characterized by various chemical applications. The planar waveguide and the microchannels consisted of epoxide-based polymers. The Bragg grating structure was postprocessed by using point-by-point direct inscription technology. By monitoring the central wavelength shift of the reflected Bragg signal, the sensor showed a temperature sensitivity of −47.75 pm/K. Moreover, the functionality of the evanescent field-based measurements is demonstrated with two application examples: the refractive index sensing of different aqueous solutions and gas-phase hydrogen concentration detection. For the latter application, the sensor was additionally coated with a functional layer based on palladium nanoparticles. During the refractive index sensing measurement, the sensor achieved a sensitivity of 6.5 nm/RIU from air to 99.9% pure isopropyl alcohol. For the gas-phase hydrogen detection, the coated sensor achieved a reproducible concentration detection up to 4 vol% hydrogen. According to the reported experimental results, the integrated Bragg-grating-based waveguide sensor demonstrates high potential for applications based on the lab-on-a-chip concept.

Funder

German Federal Ministry for Economy

Publisher

MDPI AG

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