Resistance Exercise and Creatine Supplementation on Fat Mass in Adults < 50 Years of Age: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author:

Candow Darren G.1,Prokopidis Konstantinos2ORCID,Forbes Scott C.3ORCID,Rusterholz Flavia1,Campbell Bill I.4ORCID,Ostojic Sergej M.5ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada

2. Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK

3. Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada

4. College of Education, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA

5. Department of Nutrition and Public Health, University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway

Abstract

The combination of resistance exercise and creatine supplementation has been shown to decrease body fat percentage in adults ≥ 50 years of age. However, the effect on adults < 50 years of age is currently unknown. To address this limitation, we systematically reviewed the literature and performed several meta-analyses comparing studies that included resistance exercise and creatine supplementation to resistance exercise and placebo on fat mass and body fat percentage Twelve studies were included, involving 266 participants. Adults (<50 years of age) who supplemented with creatine and performed resistance exercise experienced a very small, yet significant reduction in body fat percentage (−1.19%, p = 0.006); however, no difference was found in absolute fat mass (−0.18 kg, p = 0.76). Collectively, in adults < 50 years of age, the combination of resistance exercise and creatine supplementation produces a very small reduction in body fat percentage without a corresponding decrease in absolute fat mass.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

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