Infant Nutrition and Other Early Life Risk Factors for Childhood Obesity According to Disability Status

Author:

Blake Melissa K.1,Ma Ruixuan2ORCID,Cardenas Erika Viana1,Varanloo Parisa1,Agosto Yaray1,Velasquez Carolina1,Espina Katheryn A.1,Palenzuela Joanne1,Messiah Sarah E.34ORCID,Natale Ruby A.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pediatrics, University of Miami School of Medicine, Mailman Center for Child Development, 1601 NW 12th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA

2. Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Science, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1120 N.W. 14th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USA

3. University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, 2777 North Stemmons Freeway, Suite 8400, Dallas, TX 75207, USA

4. Center for Pediatric Population Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, 2777 North Stemmons Freeway, Suite 8400, Dallas, TX 75207, USA

Abstract

One in five preschool-aged children in the United States is obese, and children with disabilities are significantly impacted. This study aimed to determine the association between age at solid food initiation and obesity prevalence in preschool-aged children while considering disability status, ethnicity, gestational age, and birth weight. Analysis was conducted on a sample of 145 children aged 2 to 5 years who were enrolled in ten childcare centers. Parents completed a survey assessing disability status, race and ethnicity, birth weight, gestational age, and age of solid food initiation. Height and weight were collected concurrently. Multivariable logistic regression models generated the odds of developing obesity based on age at solid food initiation, disability status, ethnicity, gestational age, and birth weight. There was no significant difference in the odds of being obese based on age at solid food introduction. Children with disabilities (OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.04–0.6, p = 0.01) and children born preterm (OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.08–0.79, p = 0.03) had significantly lower odds of being obese. Hispanic children (OR = 4.93, 95% CI 1.91–15.32, p = 0.002) and children with higher birth weights (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.17–1.92, p = 0.002) were more likely to be obese. With pediatric obesity rates continuing to rise, these findings can inform future intervention efforts.

Funder

HRSA/Maternal Child Health Bureau

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

Reference39 articles.

1. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2023, April 01). Overweight & Obesity. cdc.gov, Available online: https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/childhood/index.html.

2. Body Mass Index and Incident Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Children and Young Adults: A Retrospective Cohort Study;Abbasi;J. Endocr. Soc.,2017

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4. American Academy of Pediatrics (2023, April 01). Infant Food and Feeding. aap.org. Available online: https://www.aap.org/en/patient-care/healthy-active-living-for-families/infant-food-and-feeding/.

5. Timing of solid food introduction and risk of obesity in preschool-aged children;Huh;Pediatrics,2011

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