Physiological and Productive Responses of Two Vitis vinifera L. Cultivars across Three Sites in Central-South Italy

Author:

Ferlito Filippo1ORCID,Nicolosi Elisabetta2ORCID,Sicilia Angelo2ORCID,Villano Clizia3ORCID,Aversano Riccardo3ORCID,Lo Piero Angela Roberta2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, 95024 Acireale, Italy

2. Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy

3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Naples, Italy

Abstract

Grapevine adaptation to drought involves morphological, anatomical, and physiological modifications that could be viewed as a measure of drought avoidance. The main vine responses to drought consist of the regulation of carbon assimilation as a consequence of limited stomatal conductance, which is reflected in changes in plant water status. In this factorial study (2020–2021 growing seasons), two red cultivars, the local ‘Aglianico’, widely grown in Central-South Italy, and the international ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’, were used to evaluate how their interaction in three different environments can modify physiological adaptations and how yields and their qualitative traits can be modified. The lowest leaf water potential (−0.68 Mpa) for the two cultivars was registered in Molise, while the most stressed vine was found in Sicily for Aglianico (−1.86 MPa). At least in two of three locations, Molise and Campania, the detected stomatal conductance and the leaf water potential have shown that Cabernet Sauvignon can be classified as a near-isohydric cultivar, whereas Aglianico can be categorized as a near-anisohydric cultivar. The interactions between genotype x environment highlight different levels of adaptability between the two cultivars in different sites during each season. The data presented here contribute to a better understanding of the effects of genotype and environment interactions in progressive dry cultivation and how these interactions can modify the qualitative traits of grapes.

Funder

Progetti di ricerca di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale

Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Horticulture,Plant Science

Reference62 articles.

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5. McGovern, P.E., Fleming, S.J., and Katz, S.H. (1996). The Origins and Ancient History of Wine, Gordon and Breach.

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