Targeted Manipulation of Vertically Transmitted Endophytes to Confer Beneficial Traits in Grapevines

Author:

Chen Chun-Xiao12,Guo Li-Rong1,Wang Yu-Tao2,Wen Yun1,Li Yu1,Lu Chun-Xi1,Zhou Ping2,Huang Shuang-Ye1,Li Yi-Qian1,Pan Xiao-Xia3ORCID,Zhu Shu-Sheng4,Yang Ming-Zhi1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China

2. School of Life Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650504, China

3. School of Chemistry and Environment, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650504, China

4. College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China

Abstract

Vertically transmitted endophytes (VTEs) with multi-host-supporting functions are considered plant-acquired heritable traits, which can be manipulated to develop plants with the stable inheritance of these VTEs, defined here as ‘plant endophytic modification (PEM)’. To translate this hypothetical strategy into agricultural and horticultural practice, a PEM was carried out by introducing an anti-fungal pathogenic bacterium, Bacillus cereus (strain ID: ZX-2), into grapevine cuttings and growing the cuttings into vine plants. Bacterial strain XZ-2 is highly efficient in infecting grapevine cuttings and colonizing the interior of the infected cuttings, various parts of the subsequently established vine plants, and next year’s emerging vine shoots and leaves. Profiling the endophytic microbiota by high-throughput sequencing to the grapevines revealed that the colonization with exogenous ZX-2 slightly affected endophytic diversity, while significantly altering the composition and the predicted phenotypes of endophytic microbiota in ZX-2-modified grapevines (ZX-2mg). Most importantly, leaves (from both first- and second-year grapevines) of ZX-2mg conferred significantly higher (p < 0.001) anti-fungal pathogen abilities and a reduction in naturally occurring lesion area than leaves compared to the control grapevines. For all detected vines, a significant correlation (N = 37, r = 0.418; p < 0.01) between fungal pathogen inhibition rates and B. cereus (ZX-2) isolation rates was observed. In addition, ZX-2mg showed some growth promotion and a delay (15–20 days) in leaf abscission. The work established an alternative strategy to create plant lines with functions of specific VTEs via PEM, confirming the practical value of PEM in future organic farming systems.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Yunnan Provincial Department of Science and Technology and Yunnan University

Yunnan provincial key S&T special project

Publisher

MDPI AG

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