Setting Temperature and Humidity with a Misting System in a Pilot Greenhouse at Cisauk-Tangerang, Indonesia

Abstract

A modern agricultural method of cultivating mustard greens and watercress with a hydroponic system in a pilot greenhouse has been implemented by a group of farmers in Cisauk-Tangerang, Banten, Indonesia. The characteristic tropical climate south of the equator causes high temperatures and humidity in the greenhouse. This study aims to control the temperature and humidity in the greenhouse using the misting method so that the temperature and humidity are not more than 33 °C and 85%, respectively. A misting system designed by the main equipment consists of a water flow control pump, temperature and humidity sensors, water mist spray nozzles, and water flow settings for intermittent drizzle for five minutes ON and ten minutes OFF using the internet of things module program. In addition to setting the water discharge intermittently, another limitation for the pump to be OFF is a minimum temperature benchmark of 28 °C and a maximum humidity of 85%. The temperature does not exceed 33 °C, and the humidity setting of 85% is obtained by adjusting the mass flow of water during the day according to the time sequence from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m.: 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. using 50 L/h, 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. using 60 L/h, 10 a.m. to 11 a.m. using 100 L/h, 11 a.m. to 1 p.m. using 120 L/h, 1 p.m. to 2 p.m. using 80 L/h, 2 p.m. to 3 p.m. using 60 L/h, and 3 p.m. and after using 0 L/h or the misting system is turned off.