Optimization of PVDF-TrFE Based Electro-Conductive Nanofibers: Morphology and In Vitro Response

Author:

Serrano-Garcia William1,Cruz-Maya Iriczalli2ORCID,Melendez-Zambrana Anamaris3,Ramos-Colon Idalia3,Pinto Nicholas J.3,Thomas Sylvia W.1,Guarino Vincenzo2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Advanced Materials Bio & Integration Research (AMBIR) Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA

2. Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, Mostra d’Oltremare, Pad.20, 80125 Naples, Italy

3. Department of Physics and Electronics, University of Puerto Rico at Humacao, Humacao 00791, Puerto Rico

Abstract

In this study, morphology and in vitro response of electroconductive composite nanofibers were explored for biomedical use. The composite nanofibers were prepared by blending the piezoelectric polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride–trifluorethylene) (PVDF-TrFE) and electroconductive materials with different physical and chemical properties such as copper oxide (CuO), poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), copper phthalocyanine (CuPc), and methylene blue (MB) resulting in unique combinations of electrical conductivity, biocompatibility, and other desirable properties. Morphological investigation via SEM analysis has remarked some differences in fiber size as a function of the electroconductive phase used, with a reduction of fiber diameters for the composite fibers of 12.43% for CuO, 32.87% for CuPc, 36.46% for P3HT, and 63% for MB. This effect is related to the peculiar electroconductive behavior of fibers: measurements of electrical properties showed the highest ability to transport charges of methylene blue, in accordance with the lowest fibers diameters, while P3HT poorly conducts in air but improves charge transfer during the fiber formation. In vitro assays showed a tunable response of fibers in terms of viability, underlining a preferential interaction of fibroblast cells to P3HT-loaded fibers that can be considered the most suitable for use in biomedical applications. These results provide valuable information for future studies to be addressed at optimizing the properties of composite nanofibers for potential applications in bioengineering and bioelectronics.

Funder

NSF-US-Italy Bio and Electronic Advanced Material Systems

UPR-PENN Partnership for Research and Education in Materials

Florida Education Fund’s McKnight Postdoctoral Fellowship program

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Materials Science

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