German Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Flower Extract, Its Amino Acid Preparations and 3D-Printed Dosage Forms: Phytochemical, Pharmacological, Technological, and Molecular Docking Study

Author:

Koshovyi Oleh12ORCID,Sepp Janne1ORCID,Jakštas Valdas3,Žvikas Vaidotas3,Kireyev Igor2,Karpun Yevhen4ORCID,Odyntsova Vira5,Heinämäki Jyrki1ORCID,Raal Ain1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, 50411 Tartu, Estonia

2. The Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, National University of Pharmacy, 61002 Kharkiv, Ukraine

3. Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania

4. Life Chemicals Inc., 02094 Kyiv, Ukraine

5. The Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmacology, and Botany, Zaporizhzhia State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 69035 Zaporizhzhia, Ukraine

Abstract

German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is an essential oil- containing medicinal plant used worldwide. The aim of this study was to gain knowledge of the phytochemical composition and the analgesic and soporific activity of Matricaria chamomilla L. (German chamomile) flower extract and its amino acid preparations, to predict the mechanisms of their effects by molecular docking and to develop aqueous printing gels and novel 3D-printed oral dosage forms for the flower extracts. In total, 22 polyphenolic compounds and 14 amino acids were identified and quantified in the M. chamomilla extracts. In vivo animal studies with rodents showed that the oral administration of such extracts revealed the potential for treating of sleep disorders and diseases accompanied by pain. Amino acids were found to potentiate these effects. Glycine enhanced the analgesic activity the most, while lysine and β-alanine improved the soporific activity. The molecular docking analysis revealed a high probability of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonism and 5-lipoxygenase (LOX-5) inhibition by the extracts. A polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based gel composition with the M. chamomilla extracts was proposed for preparing a novel 3D-printed dosage form for oral administration. These 3D-printed extract preparations can be used, for example, in dietary supplement applications.

Funder

Estonian Research Council

European Union in the MSCA4Ukraine project “Design and development of 3D-printed medicines for bioactive materials of Ukrainian and Estonian medicinal plants origin”

Publisher

MDPI AG

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