Anethole Prevents the Alterations Produced by Diabetes Mellitus in the Sciatic Nerve of Rats

Author:

Barbosa-Ferreira Bianca de Sousa1ORCID,Silva Francisca Edilziane Rodrigues da1,Gomes-Vasconcelos Yuri de Abreu2ORCID,Joca Humberto Cavalcante1,Coelho-de-Souza Andrelina Noronha2,Ferreira-da-Silva Francisco Walber13ORCID,Leal-Cardoso José Henrique1ORCID,Silva-Alves Kerly Shamyra da1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Electrophysiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil

2. Laboratory of Experimental Physiology, Superior Institute of Biomedical Sciences, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.714-903, Ceará, Brazil

3. Center of Exact Science and Technology, State University of Vale do Acaraú, Sobral 62.040-370, Ceará, Brazil

Abstract

Anethole is a terpenoid with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuronal blockade effects, and the present work was undertaken to study the neuroprotective activity of anethole against diabetes mellitus (DM)-induced neuropathy. Streptozotocin-induced DM rats were used to investigate the effects of anethole treatment on morphological, electrophysiological, and biochemical alterations of the sciatic nerve (SN). Anethole partially prevented the mechanical hyposensitivity caused by DM and fully prevented the DM-induced decrease in the cross-sectional area of the SN. In relation to electrophysiological properties of SN fibers, DM reduced the frequency of occurrence of the 3rd component of the compound action potential (CAP) by 15%. It also significantly reduced the conduction velocity of the 1st and 2nd CAP components from 104.6 ± 3.47 and 39.8 ± 1.02 to 89.9 ± 3.03 and 35.4 ± 1.56 m/s, respectively, and increased the duration of the 2nd CAP component from 0.66 ± 0.04 to 0.82 ± 0.09 ms. DM also increases oxidative stress in the SN, altering values related to thiol, TBARS, SOD, and CAT activities. Anethole was capable of fully preventing all these DM electrophysiological and biochemical alterations in the nerve. Thus, the magnitude of the DM-induced neural effects seen in this work, and the prevention afforded by anethole treatment, place this compound in a very favorable position as a potential therapeutic agent for treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy.

Funder

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—CAPES

Fundação Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico—FUNCAP

Universidade Estadual do Ceará—UECE

Publisher

MDPI AG

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