Smart Design of Hip Replacement Prostheses Using Additive Manufacturing and Machine Learning Techniques

Abstract

The field of additive manufacturing, particularly 3D printing, has ushered in a significant transformation in the realm of joint arthritis treatment through prosthetic surgery. This innovative technology allows for the creation of bespoke prosthetic devices that are tailored to meet the specific needs of individual patients. These devices are constructed using high-performance materials, including titanium and cobalt-chrome alloys. Nevertheless, the routine physical activities of patients, such as walking, sitting, and running, can induce wear and tear on the materials comprising these prosthetic devices, subsequently diminishing their functionality and durability. In response to this challenge, this research has endeavored to leverage novel techniques. The primary focus of this study lies in the development of an algorithm designed to optimize hip replacement procedures via the mechanical design of the prosthesis. This optimization process exploits the capabilities of machine learning algorithms, multi-body dynamics, and finite element method (FEM) simulations. The paramount innovation in this methodology is the capacity to design a prosthetic system that intricately adapts to the distinctive characteristics of each patient (weight, height, gait cycle). The primary objective of this research is to enhance the performance and longevity of prosthetic devices by improving their fatigue strength. The evaluation of load distribution on the prosthetic device, facilitated by FEM simulations, anticipates a substantial augmentation in the useful life of the prosthetic system. This research holds promise as a notable advancement in prosthetic technology, offering a more efficacious treatment option for patients suffering from joint arthritis. The aim of this research is to make meaningful contributions to the enhancement of patient quality of life and the long-term performance of prosthetic devices.