Copy Number Variation Analysis Revealed the Evolutionary Difference between Chinese Indigenous Pigs and Asian Wild Boars

Author:

Fan Shuhao1,Kong Chengcheng12,Chen Yige1,Zheng Xianrui1,Zhou Ren1,Zhang Xiaodong1,Wu Xudong3,Zhang Wei3,Ding Yueyun1,Yin Zongjun1

Affiliation:

1. College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China

2. School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230036, China

3. Key Laboratory of Pig Molecular Quantitative Genetics of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China

Abstract

Copy number variation (CNV) has been widely used to study the evolution of different species. We first discovered different CNVs in 24 Anqingliubai pigs and 6 Asian wild boars using next-generation sequencing at the whole-genome level with 10× depth to understand the relationship between genetic evolution and production traits in wild boars and domestic pigs. A total of 97,489 CNVs were identified and divided into 10,429 copy number variation regions (CNVRs), occupying 32.06% of the porcine genome. Chromosome 1 had the most CNVRs, and chromosome 18 had the least. Ninety-six CNVRs were selected using VST 1% based on the signatures of all CNVRs, and sixty-five genes were identified in the selected regions. These genes were strongly correlated with traits distinguishing groups by enrichment in Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, such as growth (CD36), reproduction (CIT, RLN), detoxification (CYP3A29), and fatty acid metabolism (ELOVL6). The QTL overlapping regions were associated with meat traits, growth, and immunity, which was consistent with CNV analysis. Our findings increase the understanding of evolved genome structural variations between wild boars and domestic pigs, and provide new molecular biomarkers to guide breeding and the efficient use of available genetic resources.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

National Key Research and Development Program of China

Anhui Provincial Modern Industrial Technology System of Swine

Major Special Science and Technology Project of Anhui Province

China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA, University Synergy Innovation Program of Anhui Province

Special Fund for Anhui Agricultural Research System

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Genetics (clinical),Genetics

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