Doped Electrospinned Material-Guides High Efficiency Regional Bone Regeneration

Author:

Toledano Manuel12,Vallecillo Cristina1ORCID,Serrera-Figallo María-Angeles3,Vallecillo-Rivas Marta1,Gutierrez-Corrales Aida3,Lynch Christopher D.4,Toledano-Osorio Manuel1

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Dentistry, Colegio Máximo de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

2. Biosanitary Research Institute, Biosanitary Research Institute, 18012 Granada, Spain

3. Faculty of Dentistry, Oral Surgery Section, University of Sevilla, Avicena s/n, 41009 Sevilla, Spain

4. Restorative Dentistry, University Dental School & Hospital, University College Cork, Wilton, T12 E8YV Cork, Ireland

Abstract

The main target of bone tissue engineering is to design biomaterials that support bone regeneration and vascularization. Nanostructured membranes of (MMA)1-co-(HEMA)1/(MA)3-co-(HEA)2 loaded with 5% wt of SiO2-nanoparticles (Si-M) were doped with zinc (Zn-Si-M) or doxycycline (Dox-Si-M). Critical bone defects were effectuated on six New Zealand-bred rabbit skulls and then they were covered with the membranes. After six weeks, a histological analysis (toluidine blue technique) was employed to determine bone cell population as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, M1 and M2 macrophages and vasculature. Membranes covering the bone defect determined a higher count of bone cells and blood vessels than in the sham group at the top regions of the defect. Pro-inflammatory M1 appeared in a higher number in the top regions than in the bottom regions, when Si-M and Dox-Si-M were used. Samples treated with Dox-Si-M showed a higher amount of anti-inflammatory and pro-regenerative M2 macrophages. The M1/M2 ratio obtained its lowest value in the absence of membranes. On the top regions, osteoblasts were more abundant when using Si-M and Zn-Si-M. Osteoclasts were equally distributed at the central and lateral regions. The sham group and samples treated with Zn-Si-M attained a higher number of osteocytes at the top regions. A preferential osteoconductive, osteoinductive and angiogenic clinical environment was created in the vicinity of the membrane placed on critical bone defects.

Funder

Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Polymers and Plastics,General Chemistry

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