Controllable Production of Natural Silk Nanofibrils for Reinforcing Silk-Based Orthopedic Screws

Author:

Yan Shuqin1,He Li1,Hai Abdul Moqeet2,Hu Zhanao1,You Renchuan1ORCID,Zhang Qiang1ORCID,Kaplan David L.3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China

2. Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan

3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA

Abstract

As a natural high-performance material with a unique hierarchical structure, silk is endowed with superior mechanical properties. However, the current approaches towards producing regenerated silk fibroin (SF) for the preparation of biomedical devices fail to fully exploit the mechanical potential of native silk materials. In this study, using a top-down approach, we exfoliated natural silk fibers into silk nanofibrils (SNFs), through the disintegration of interfibrillar binding forces. The as-prepared SNFs were employed to reinforce the regenerated SF solution to fabricate orthopedic screws with outstanding mechanical properties (compression modulus > 1.1 GPa in a hydrated state). Remarkably, these screws exhibited tunable biodegradation and high cytocompatibility. After 28 days of degradation in protease XIV solution, the weight loss of the screw was ~20% of the original weight. The screws offered a favorable microenvironment to human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell growth and spread as determined by live/dead staining, F-action staining, and Alamar blue staining. The synergy between native structural components (SNFs) and regenerated SF solutions to form bionanocomposites provides a promising design strategy for the fabrication of biomedical devices with improved performance.

Funder

The State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies

Opening Project of Key Laboratory of Textile Industry for Silk Products in Medical and Health Use

Applied Basic Frontier Project of Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Polymers and Plastics,General Chemistry

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