A Novel Chitosan/Nano-Hydroxyapatite Composite for the Adsorptive Removal of Cd(II) from Aqueous Solution

Author:

El Kaim Billah Rachid1ORCID,Ayouch Ikrame23,Abdellaoui Youness45,Kassab Zineb6ORCID,Khan Moonis Ali7ORCID,Agunaou Mahfoud1,Soufiane Abdessadik1,Otero Marta8ORCID,Jeon Byong-Hun9ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Coordination and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida 24000, Morocco

2. Laboratory of Materials and Interfacial Systems, Faculty of Sciences Tétouan, University Abdelmalek Essaadi (UAE), P.O. Box 2121, Tétouan 93000, Morocco

3. MASCIR Foundation, Rabat Design, Rue Mohamed EL Jazouli, Madinat EL Ifrane, Rabat 10100, Morocco

4. Faculty of Engineering, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Mérida 97000, Mexico

5. Department of Sustainability of Natural Resources and Energy, Center for Research and Advanced Studies of the National Polytechnic Institute, Saltillo 25900, Mexico

6. Materials Science Energy and Nanoengineering Department (MSN), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco

7. Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

8. Departmento de Química y Física Aplicadas, Universidad de Leon, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 Leon, Spain

9. Department of Earth Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea

Abstract

A novel polymer bio-composite based on nano-hydroxyapatite (n-Hap) and chitosan (CS) (CS/n-Hap) was synthesized to effectively address toxic cadmium ions removal from water. The composition and structure of CS/n-Hap bio-composite were analyzed through different characterization techniques. XRD patterns affirmed that the crystalline structure of n-Hap remained unaltered during CS/n-Hap synthesis, while FT-IR spectrum sustained all the characteristic peaks of both CS and n-Hap, affirming the successful synthesis of CS/n-Hap. Adsorption studies, including pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial Cd(II) concentration, and temperature, were carried out to explain and understand the adsorption mechanism. Comparatively, CS/n-Hap bio-composite exhibited better Cd(II) adsorption capacity than pristine CS, with an experimental maximum uptake of 126.65 mg/g under optimized conditions. In addition, the kinetic data were well fitted to the pseudo-second-order model, indicating the formation of chemical bonds between Cd(II) and CS/n-Hap during adsorption. Furthermore, the thermodynamic study suggested that Cd(II) adsorption onto CS/n-Hap was endothermic and spontaneous. The regeneration study showed only about a 3% loss in Cd(II) uptake by CS/n-Hap after five consecutive cycles. Thus, a simple and facile approach was here developed to synthesize an eco-friendly and cost-effective material that can be successfully employed for the removal of toxic heavy metal ions from water.

Funder

King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Polymers and Plastics,General Chemistry

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