Slope Stability Analysis Based on the Explicit Smoothed Particle Finite Element Method

Author:

Jia Xichun123,Jiang Xuebing23,Huang Jun23,Yu Shunchao23,Liu Bingjun1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Civil Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China

2. Pearl River Water Resources Research Institute, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510610, China

3. Soil and Water Conservation Monitoring Center of Pearl River Basin, Pearl River Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou 510610, China

Abstract

A landslide is a common natural disaster that causes environmental damage, casualties and economic losses, which seriously affects the sustainable development of society. In geomechanics, it is one of the largest deformation problems. Herein, the GPU-accelerated explicit smoothed particle finite element method (eSPFEM) for large deformation analysis in geomechanics was developed on the CUDA platform based on high-performance computing using a self-designed eSPFEM program code. The eSPFEM combines the strain smoothing nodal integration techniques found in the particle finite element method (PFEM) framework, which allows for the use of low-order triangular elements without volume locking and avoids frequent information transfer and mapping errors between Gaussian points and particles in PFEM. A numerical simulation of slope instability using the eSPFEM and based on a strength reduction technique was conducted using various examples, including a cohesive homogeneous slope, a non-cohesive homogeneous slope, a non-homogeneous slope and a slope with a thin soft band. The calculation results show that the eSPFEM can be applied to slope stability analysis under different working conditions, simulating the entire process of slope instability initiation, sliding and reaccumulation, and obtaining reliable FOS values. A numerical simulation was conducted to analyse a landslide that occurred in the Zhangjiazhuang tunnel on the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway line on 18 January 2016. A natural unsaturated soil slope, a soil slope with a high moisture content and a soil slope with a high moisture content subjected to an earthquake were analysed. The findings of this study are in good agreement with the actual slope failure conditions. The primary triggers identified for the landslide were heavy rainfall and earthquakes. The verification results indicate that the eSPFEM can effectively simulate an actual landslide case, showcasing high accuracy and applicability in simulating the large deformation behaviour of landslides.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Science and Technology Innovation Program from Water Resources of Guangdong Province

National Key Research and Development Plan Project

Water conservancy technology demonstration project

Research and Development of Artificial Soil Erosion Risk Warning Model and Technical Application Project

Publisher

MDPI AG

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