Microbiome Structure of Activated Sludge after Adaptation to Landfill Leachate Treatment in a Lab-Scale Sequencing Batch Reactor
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Published:2024-01-09
Issue:1
Volume:12
Page:159
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ISSN:2227-9717
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Container-title:Processes
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Processes
Author:
Kirilova Mihaela12ORCID, Yotinov Ivaylo12, Todorova Yovana12ORCID, Dinova Nora12, Lincheva Stilyana3, Schneider Irina12ORCID, Topalova Yana12
Affiliation:
1. Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria 2. Center of Competence “Clean Technologies for Sustainable Environment—Water, Waste, Energy for Circular Economy”, 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria 3. Municipal Enterprise for Waste Treatment, Locality Sadinata, 1805 Yana, Bulgaria
Abstract
During adaptation to waters that are rich in xenobiotics, biological systems pass through multiple stages. The first one is related to the restructuring of communities, pronounced destruction of the structure, and multiplication of active biodegradants. The purpose of the present research was to describe the microbiome restructuring that occurs during the adaptation stage in landfill leachate treatment. In a model SBR (sequencing batch reactor), a 21-day purification process of landfill leachate was simulated. Wastewater was fed in increasing concentrations. When undiluted leachate entered, the activated sludge structure disintegrated (Sludge Volume Index—4.6 mL/g). The Chemical Oxygen Demand and ammonium nitrogen concentration remained at high values in the influent (2321.11 mgO2/L and 573.20 mg/L, respectively). A significant amount of free-swimming cells was found, and the number of aerobic heterotrophs and bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter increased by up to 125 times. The Azoarcus-Thauera cluster (27%) and Pseudomonas spp. (16%) were registered as the main bacterial groups in the activated sludge. In the changed structure of the microbial community, Gammaproteobacteria, family Rhizobiaceae, class Saccharimonadia were predominantly represented. Among the suspended bacteria, Microbactericeae and Burkholderiaceae, which are known for their ability to degrade xenobiotics, were present in larger quantities. The enzymological analysis demonstrated that the ortho-pathway of cleavage of aromatic structures was active in the community. The described changes in the leachate-purifying microbial community appear to be destructive at the technological level. At the microbiological level, however, trends of initial adaptation were clearly outlined, which, if continued, could provide a highly efficient biodegradation community.
Funder
Clean Technologies for Sustainable Environment—Water, Waste, Energy for a Circular Economy Science and Education for Smart Growth Operational Program EU
Subject
Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering
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