Affiliation:
1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Suqian University, Suqian 223800, China
2. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
Abstract
In submerged arc welding, evaluating elemental transfer behaviors is critical for selecting and designing welding materials. Accurate assessment of O, Si, and Mn transfer behavior is essential for ensuring process quality, particularly when silicon-manganese fluxes are applied. Traditional quantification methods, however, focus only on chemical reactions in the weld pool zone, potentially overlooking the cross-zone elemental transfer behavior and leading to significant predictive inaccuracies. This study investigates the CaO-SiO2-MnO flux, a prevalent silicon-manganese flux, focusing on O, Si, and Mn, which exhibit notable transfer behaviors of O, Si, and Mn. By employing a multi-zone approach and integrating various scientific principles, the research aims to improve the accuracy of predicting elemental transfer behaviors and deepen the understanding of the metallurgical processes in submerged arc welding when silicon-manganese fluxes are employed. The study proposes strategic enhancements to traditional quantification methods, which may offer valuable insights for the improvement of industry standards. This study demonstrates that considering only the local thermodynamic equilibrium of the weld pool zone when quantifying the transfer behavior of elements may lead to predictive errors, especially for easily evaporating metallic elements. By incorporating a cross-zone assessment for submerged arc welding process, i.e., introducing new quantifying parameters (Δd and Δw), the predictive accuracy of the transfer behavior of elements and their cross-zone actions can be enhanced.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Initial Fund of Suqian University
Suqian Science & Technology Project
Subject
Process Chemistry and Technology,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Bioengineering
Reference32 articles.
1. Physical Phenomena in the Weld Zone of Submerged Arc Welding—A Review;Sengupta;Weld. J.,2019
2. Kou, S. (2003). Welding Metallurgy, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. [3rd ed.].
3. Zhang, J., Shao, G., Fan, J., Wang, L., and Zhang, D. (2022). A Review on Parallel Development of Flux Design and Thermodynamics Subject to Submerged Arc Welding. Processes, 10.
4. Nature and Behavior of Fluxes Used for Welding;Olson;ASM Handbook,1993
5. Physical and Chemical Behavior of Welding Fluxes;Natalie;Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci.,1986