Preparation and Application of Coal-Liquefaction-Residue-Based Carbon Material

Abstract

P-Nitrophenol (4-NP) is a high toxicity material and has harmful effects on the environment. Thus, the analysis of 4-NP is an important topic at present. In this work, the fabrication of a novel electrochemical sensor based on coal-liquefaction-residue (CLR)-derived porous carbon (PC) materials. CLR-based porous carbon material was prepared by the high-temperature carbonization method and the morphology and structure of the materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and other characterization methods. Subsequently, the electrochemical properties of the modified electrodes were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements. The results showed that under optimal conditions, the sensor had a good electrochemical performance for environmental pollutant 4-NP. In particular, the linear range of the sensor was 10–200 μmol·L-1 and the detection limit was 1.169 μmol·L−1 on the basis of the signal-to-noise ratio S/N = 3. The electrode showed excellent stability, reproducibility and repetitiveness and the sensor also had good selectivity. In addition, the newly constructed sensor exhibited adsorption-controlled kinetics and the recovery rate of 4-NP in actual water samples could reach 90.06~95.17%, indicating that the sensor had good practical application prospects.