Evaluation of Different Methodologies for Wave Energy Conversion Systems Integration into the Power Grid Using Power Hardware-in-Loop Emulation

Abstract

The ocean energy resources hold the promise of a sustainable solution within global efforts to diversify energy sources and mitigate climate change. Wave energy conversion (WEC) systems, as emerging technologies, offer adaptability and the potential to harness predictable wave energy. However, integration of WEC systems into a power grid brings challenges for system operators due to their nature of operation. Addressing these demands is a multilayered process that involves highly efficient power electronic devices, control systems, and efficient energy storage solutions. This paper specifically focuses on the methodologies of the grid integration of a specific wave energy conversion system—a point absorber developed by the company Sigma Energy. Proposed methodologies are experimentally tested using power hardware-in-loop (PHIL) emulation of a fully monitored and controlled small-scale microgrid equipped with a battery energy storage system (BESS), different emulators of loads, and distributed generators (DG).