Effectiveness of a Head Movement Interface for Steering a Vehicle in a Virtual Reality Driving Simulation

Abstract

Recently, virtual reality (VR) has become popular for a variety of applications, such as manufacturing and entertainment. In this study, considering that a driver’s head moves according to the motion of turning the steering wheel, we explored the effectiveness of head movement as a means for steering a vehicle in a virtual reality driving simulation. First, we analyzed the motion axes that are effective for control and found that the x (horizontal) direction, yaw rotation, and roll rotation are potential candidates. Through the implementation of a simulator, which allows participants to steer the vehicle by means of head movement, it was found that the x-axis movement was the most reliable as it reduced VR sickness while guaranteeing better usability and realistic motion. Human–machine interaction can become conceived of as symmetrical in the sense that if a machine is truly easy for humans to handle, it means that they can get the best out of it.