Response Surface Methodology Applied to Cyanobacterial EPS Production: Steps and Statistical Validations

Author:

Rodrigues Filipa12,Mendonça Ivana123ORCID,Faria Marisa12,Gomes Ricardo1,Pinchetti Juan Luis Gómez4ORCID,Ferreira Artur3ORCID,Cordeiro Nereida12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. LB3-Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Madeira, 9000-072 Funchal, Portugal

2. Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal

3. Aveiro Institute of Materials and Águeda School of Technology and Management (CICECO), University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal

4. Spanish Bank of Algae (BEA), Institute of Oceanography and Global Change (IOCAG), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35214 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain

Abstract

Understanding the impact of variables involved in soluble-extracellular polymeric substance (S-EPS) production processes is crucial for reducing production costs and enhancing sustainability. Response surface methodology (RSM) provides essential tools that assist in developing predicted interactions among process variables for both industrial and non-industrial applications. The present study offers a simple and systematic demonstration of RSM capabilities, focusing on maximizing efficiency and minimizing production costs of S-EPS produced by Cyanocohniella rudolphia. RSM was employed to (1) design the production setup; (2) fit the collected data into a second-order polynomial model; (3) statistically evaluate the model’s validity and the significance of the involved variables; and (4) identify and optimize production variables to enhance output and reduce costs. Focused on four key variables, each at three levels, RSM designed 25 distinct S-EPS production conditions, each with three replicates. Statistical analysis identified the most significant variables affecting S-EPS production as the culture medium/wet biomass ratio, production days, and nitrogen concentration. The model’s validation demonstrated a strong correlation between the predicted and experimental values, with S-EPS production ranging from 70.46 to 228.65 mg/L and a maximum variation of 11.6%. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of RSM in optimizing S-EPS production, with the developed model showing a strong correlation between the variables and the response. The RSM model offers a promising approach for the bioprocessing industry, enhancing productivity and efficiency, minimizing costs, and leading to sustainable, cost-effective practices.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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