Thermal Transport and Rheological Properties of Hybrid Nanofluids Based on Vegetable Lubricants

Author:

Ribeiro Hélio12ORCID,Taha-Tijerina Jose Jaime1ORCID,Gomez Ofelia3,Acosta Ever3,Pinto Gabriel M.24ORCID,Moraes Lorena R. C.5,Fechine Guilhermino J. M.24,Andrade Ricardo J. E.24ORCID,Reinoza Jefferson3,Padilla Victoria3ORCID,Lozano Karen3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Informatics and Engineering Systems, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley—UTRGV, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA

2. Engineering School, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, Rua da Consolação 896, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil

3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley—UTRGV, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA

4. Mackenzie Institute for Research in Graphene and Nanotechnologies—MackGraphe, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo 01302-907, SP, Brazil

5. Departament of Mechanical Engineering, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Católica do Rio de Janeiro 22453-900, RJ, Brazil

Abstract

Nanofluids based on vegetal oil with different wt.% of carbon nanotubes (CNT), hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), and its hybrid (h-BN@CNT) were produced to investigate the effects of these nano-additives on the thermal conductivity and rheological properties of nanofluids. Stable suspensions of these oil/nanostructures were produced without the use of stabilizing agents. The dispersed nanostructures were investigated by SEM, EDS, XRD, and XPS, while the thermal conductivity and rheological characteristics were studied by a transient hot-wire method and steady-state flow tests, respectively. Increases in thermal conductivity of up to 39% were observed for fluids produced with 0.5 wt.% of the hybrid nanomaterials. As for the rheological properties, it was verified that both the base fluid and the h-BN suspensions exhibited Newtonian behavior, while the presence of CNT modified this tendency. This change in behavior is attributed to the hydrophobic character of both CNT and the base oil, while h-BN nanostructures have lip-lip “bonds”, giving it a partial ionic character. However, the combination of these nanostructures was fundamental for the synergistic effect on the increase of thermal conductivity with respect to their counterparts.

Funder

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil (CAPES)-PRINT

Mackenzie Research Fund

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering

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