Response Surface Methodology to Optimize the Extraction of Carotenoids from Horticultural By-Products—A Systematic Review
Author:
Cano-Lamadrid Marina1ORCID, Martínez-Zamora Lorena12ORCID, Mozafari Laleh1, Bueso María Carmen3ORCID, Kessler Mathieu3ORCID, Artés-Hernández Francisco1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Postharvest and Refrigeration Group, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30203 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain 2. Department of Food Technology, Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30071 Espinardo, Murcia, Spain 3. Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, 30202 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
Abstract
Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a widely used mathematical tool for process optimization, setting their main factorial variables. The current research analyzes and summarizes the current knowledge about the RSM in the extraction of carotenoids from fruit and vegetable by-products, following a systematic review protocol (Prisma 2020 Statement). After an identification of manuscripts in Web of Science (September 2023) using inclusion search terms (“carotenoids”, “extraction”, “response-surface methodology”, “ultrasound”, “microwave” and “enzyme”), they were screened by titles and abstracts. Finally, 29 manuscripts were selected according to the PRISMA methodology (an evidence-based minimum set of items for reporting in systematic reviews), then, 16 questions related to the quality criteria developed by authors were applied. All studies were classified as having an acceptable level of quality criteria (≤50% “yes answers”), with four of them reaching a moderate level (>50 to ≤70% “yes answers”). No studies were cataloged as complete (>70% “yes answers”). Most studies are mainly focused on ultrasound-assisted extraction, which has been widely developed compared to microwave or enzymatic-assisted extractions. Most evidence shows that it is important to provide information when RSM is applied, such as the rationale for selecting a particular design, the specification of input variables and their potential levels, a discussion on the statistical model’s validity, and an explanation of the optimization procedure. In addition, the principles of open science, specifically data availability, should be included in future scientific manuscripts related to RSM and revalorization.
Funder
Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation EU-NextGeneration Seneca Foundation with funding from the Autonomous Community of the Region of Murcia
Subject
Plant Science,Health Professions (miscellaneous),Health (social science),Microbiology,Food Science
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