Cardiovascular Risk Factors as Predictors of Nutritional Status in Older Mexican Adults

Author:

Hernández-Torres Dennys Alexandra12ORCID,López-Hernández Myrna Elizabeth12,Camacho-Moll Maria Elena23,Bermúdez de León Mario23ORCID,Peñuelas-Urquides Katia3ORCID,González-Escalante Laura Adiene3,González-Reyna Román1,García-Leija Darinka Laillete12,Escobedo-Guajardo Brenda Leticia3

Affiliation:

1. Unidad De Medicina Familiar No. 32, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalupe C.P. 67140, Nuevo León, Mexico

2. Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66238, Nuevo León, Mexico

3. Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey C.P. 64720, Nuevo León, Mexico

Abstract

Aging is commonly accompanied by increased cardiovascular risk and diet plays a crucial role in health condition. The aim of this study was to determine cardiovascular risk factors as predictors of nutritional risk in Mexican older adults. A cross-sectional study on Mexican patients aged ≥60 years with cardiovascular risk factors affiliated with a medical unit in Northeast Mexico was performed from July to December 2021. The nutritional risk evaluations were performed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) questionnaire. After a multivariate analysis, the cardiovascular risk factors identified as independent predictors of risk of malnutrition were hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted OR (AOR): 1.8; 95% CI: 1.03–3.14; p = 0.04) and systolic hypertension I (AOR: 2.28; 95% CI: 1.04–5.02; p = 0.041); age over 80 years (AOR: 5.17; 95% CI: 1.83–14.65, p = 0.002) and elementary school education (AOR: 2.34; 95% CI: 1.20–4.55; p = 0.013) were also related. The cross-sectional design and single-center approach of this study limits the generalizability of the results; however, conducting timely evaluations of blood pressure, triglyceride levels, and risk of malnutrition using the MNA tool for patients aged ≥60 years could prevent illness and reduce mortality within this population group.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference54 articles.

1. United Nations, Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2023, February 01). World Social Report 2023: Leaving No One Behind in an Ageing World. Available online: https://www.un.org/development/desa/pd/content/launch-world-social-report-2023.

2. The U-shaped Relationship of Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Adverse Outcomes in Later Life;Abdelhafiz;Aging Dis.,2012

3. Vulnerabilidad alimentaria nutricional en el adulto mayor;Bernal;Rev. Esp. Nutr. Comunitaria,2017

4. Estado de salud y valoración gerontológica en adultos mayores mexicanos ante la pandemia por COVID-19;Gac. Médica México,2020

5. Factores asociados a la desnutrición o al riesgo de desnutrición en adultos mayores de San Juan de Pasto, Colombia: Un estudio transversal;Rev. Española Nutr. Humana Dietética,2017

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