Affiliation:
1. Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Gunwi 39000, Republic of Korea
2. Planning and Coordination Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Republic of Korea
Abstract
Flowering time (in rice, termed the heading date), plant height, and grain number are crucial agronomic traits for rice productivity. The heading date is controlled via environmental factors (day length and temperature) and genetic factors (floral genes). TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) encodes a protein that controls meristem identity and participates in regulating flowering. In this study, a transgenic approach was used to promote the heading date in rice. We isolated and cloned apple MdTFL1 for early flowering in rice. Transgenic rice plants with antisense MdTFL1 showed an early heading date compared with wild-type plants. A gene expression analysis suggested that introducing MdTFL1 upregulated multiple endogenous floral meristem identity genes, including the (early) heading date gene family FLOWERING LOCUS T and MADS-box transcription factors, thereby shortening vegetable development. Antisense MdTFL1 also produced a wide range of phenotypic changes, including a change in overall plant organelles that affected an array of traits, especially grain productivity. The transgenic rice exhibited a semi-draft phenotype, increased leaf inclination angle, restricted flag leaf length, reduced spikelet fertility, and fewer grains per panicle. MdTFL1 plays a central role in regulating flowering and in various physiological aspects. These findings emphasize the role of TFL1 in regulating flowering in shortened breeding and expanding its function to produce plants with semi-draft phenotypes.
Funder
RDA Fellowship Program of National Institute of Hor-ticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
Cited by
2 articles.
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