Mechanical Characterization of GFRP Tiled Laminates for Structural Engineering Applications: Stiffness, Strength and Failure Mechanisms

Author:

Uyttersprot Jordi1ORCID,De Corte Wouter1ORCID,Van Paepegem Wim2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Structural Engineering and Building Materials, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

2. Department of Materials, Textiles and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium

Abstract

This study investigates the mechanical properties of tiled laminates, frequently used in FRP bridges, and a completely new class of composites for which currently no experimental literature is available. In this paper, first a microscopic examination of laminates extracted from bridge deck flanges is performed, revealing complex multi-ply structures and tiled laminates in the transverse direction of the bridge deck. The subsequent fabrication of tiled laminates in the transverse (i.e., weak) and longitudinal (i.e., strong) span direction explores stiffness and strength characteristics depending on the stacking angle. It is observed that the stiffness in both directions is only slightly reduced with increasing stacking angles, reaching a maximum decrease of 10%, while the failure strength is significantly reduced, particularly with longitudinal tiling, dropping by approximately 70% for a 2° stacking angle. Transverse tiling demonstrates a more moderate 45% strength reduction due to the presence of some 90° plies. Given the small reduction in the stiffness and the fact that in many applications the design is mainly governed by serviceability (i.e., stiffness) requirements than strength, this strength reduction may be acceptable, considering other advantages of the concept. Additionally, this research sheds light on failure mechanisms, emphasizing the role of ply assembly in stress distribution and highlighting the importance of gradual ply ends in reducing strain concentrations. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing tiled laminates in structural applications, ensuring their effective and reliable use.

Funder

Strategic Basic Research Fellowship

Publisher

MDPI AG

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