Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Findings in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia (ARVD) Compared with Echocardiography

Abstract

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is an abnormality in the right side of the heart that may lead to sudden death. The study aims to compare cardiac MRI (magnetic resonance imaging findings) with echocardiography in patients with ARVD. For the cross-sectional study, patients with ARVD that were diagnosed using Task Force criteria were included, and their cardiac MRI findings were evaluated. Additionally, the right ventricle was divided into three levels—basal, middle, and apical—and each of them was also subdivided into three secondary segments. Gadolinium enhancement was evaluated in each segment. Overall, 39 patients were studied. Thirty-one patients (81%) were men. The average age of female and male patients was 37.8 ± 4.6 and 32.48 ± 5.8, respectively. The average ejection fraction found was 43 ± 9.4 and 42.8 ± 8.5% by MRI and echocardiography, respectively. Additionally, 46 and 35.8% of the patients had hypokinesia in the right ventricle, found based on MRI and echocardiography, respectively. The right ventricular aneurysm was found in 20.5 and 5.1% of patients based on MRI and echocardiography, respectively. The cardiac MRI managed to diagnose some cases which echocardiography was not able to detect. Thus, MRI plays an important role in presenting diagnostic data for the management of patients with ARVD and also making the diagnosis in suspicious patients definitive.