Measurement of Atmospheric Volatile and Intermediate Volatility Organic Compounds: Development of a New Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer

Author:

Kaltsonoudis Christos1,Zografou Olga2ORCID,Matrali Angeliki13,Panagiotopoulos Elias4,Lekkas Alexandros4,Kosmopoulou Mariangela4,Papanastasiou Dimitris4,Eleftheriadis Konstantinos2ORCID,Pandis Spyros N.13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas, 26500 Patras, Greece

2. Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Science & Technology, Energy & Safety, N.C.S.R. Demokritos, 15341 Athens, Greece

3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece

4. Fasmatech Science & Technology SA, NCSR Demokritos, 15310 Athens, Greece

Abstract

A new gas inlet port combined with a novel ionization scheme have been developed and coupled to a high-resolution time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF MS) for the detection and measurement of atmospheric volatile (VOCs) and intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOCs). Ions are produced predominantly by charge transfer reactions in a low-temperature plasma ionization source with minimal fragmentation. Enhanced sensitivity is accomplished by incorporating an increased-size inlet capillary in a transverse arrangement to maximize throughput in the ionization source. Additional design aspects of the new mass spectrometer enabling superior transmission include a large acceptance ion funnel and a segmented radio frequency (RF) ion guide with increased space charge storage capacity. An orthogonal TOF analyzer equipped with a two-stage reflectron and tuned to second order is employed for the determination of the mass-to-charge ratio of the ions, with a mass resolving power of >20 k at mass 500 Th. The performance of the instrument was evaluated in tests using VOC standards and in atmospheric chamber experiments to demonstrate the ability to measure a wide range of organic compounds with different functional groups. Linear signal response is demonstrated over a wide range of VOCs used in the calibration processes in the ppb range, while the instrument exhibits linear response in the ppt range as well. Detection limits as low as 1 ppt are accomplished. The potential applications of this new TOF MS instrument were demonstrated in a pilot atmospheric simulation chamber experiment.

Funder

Greek General Secretariat for Research and Innovation

HFRI

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Atmospheric Science,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)

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