Affiliation:
1. National Meteorological Centre, Beijing 100081, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
3. Nanjing Meteorology Bureau, Nanjing 210000, China
Abstract
In this study, three typical and most extreme precipitation events in the history of North China are analyzed and compared in terms of accumulated precipitation and synoptical circulation using surface station observations of China and the ERA5 dataset. The three events happened in August 1963 (“63.8” event, hereafter), August 1975 (“75.8” event), and July 2021 (“21.7” event), respectively, mainly in Hebei and Henan Provinces of North China. The results show that the maximum daily and 4-day accumulated precipitation of all three events exceeded 500 mm and 800 mm, with many stations’ daily precipitation ranking Top 1. The “63.8” event persisted for the longest time, affected the largest area, and rained the most in 7 days (over 1000 mm). The “75.8” event was characterized by the most extreme daily precipitation and a concentrated area. All three events characterize a normal northward subtropical high that was located in North China and Northeast China. At 500 hPa, the area from South China to the South China Sea was dominated by a uniform pressure field. In the upper levels, there were troughs and divergence anomalies in all three events. In the low levels, there were anomalous low-level jets and the associated water vapor flux anomalies, which were located at different levels and came from different directions. Stable synoptical circulation and persistent jet and water vapor flux anomalies are the key factors in these extreme events.
Funder
National Key Resarch and Development Program of China
Innovation and Development Project of CMA
Key Innovation Team of CMA
Chinese National Sciences Fund
Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather of Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences
Subject
Atmospheric Science,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
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