Surface Wave Mixing Modifies Projections of 21st Century Ocean Heat Uptake
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Published:2023-03-10
Issue:3
Volume:14
Page:532
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ISSN:2073-4433
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Container-title:Atmosphere
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmosphere
Author:
Kousal Joshua123ORCID, Walsh Kevin J. E.2, Song Zhenya456ORCID, Liu Qingxiang17, Qiao Fangli456, Babanin Alexander V.1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Infrastructure Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia 2. School of Earth Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia 3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia 4. The First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China 5. Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China 6. Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling, Ministry of Natural Resources and Shandong Province, Qingdao 266061, China 7. Physical Oceanography Laboratory, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
Abstract
Climate models do not explicitly account for the smaller scale processes of ocean surface waves. However, many large-scale phenomena are essentially coupled with the waves. In particular, waves enhance mixing in the upper ocean and thereby accelerate the ocean response to atmospheric changes. Here, we introduced a representation of wave-induced turbulent mixing into the one-way coupled ACCESS-OM2-025 ocean model to study its effect on ocean heat content throughout the 21st century under the RCP4.5 scenario. We made two projections on ocean heat uptake for the end of the century: one which accounts for wave-induced mixing (the ‘modified’ projection) and the other which does not (the ‘standard’ projection). Both projections showed upper ocean heat content to increase by more than 2.2 × 1022 J. This projected ocean heat uptake was reduced by about 3% in the modified projection. Whilst the inclusion of wave-induced mixing reduces projected ocean heat uptake globally, some areas are expected to warm considerably faster, particularly the North Atlantic sub-tropics, the Tasman Sea, the Sea of Japan, and parts of the South Atlantic.
Funder
Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes DISI Australia–China Centre U.S. Office of Naval Research National Natural Science Foundation of China
Subject
Atmospheric Science,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
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