Wave Climate Variability along the Coastlines of Senegal over the Last Four Decades
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Published:2023-07-13
Issue:7
Volume:14
Page:1142
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ISSN:2073-4433
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Container-title:Atmosphere
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Atmosphere
Author:
Samou Marcellin Seujip12ORCID, Bertin Xavier2, Sakho Issa34ORCID, Lazar Alban5, Sadio Mamadou6, Diouf Mouhamadou Bachir1
Affiliation:
1. Laboratoire de Sédimentologie et de Biostratigraphie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Fann, Dakar BP 5005, Senegal 2. UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS—La Rochelle Université, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France 3. Université Amadou Mahtar MBOW de Dakar à Diamnadio, UMR Sciences, Technologies Avancées et Développement Durable, Dakar BP 45927, Senegal 4. Université de Rouen Normandie, UNICAEN, CNRS, M2C UMR 6143, 76000 Rouen, France 5. UMR 7159 Laboratoire d’Océanographie et du Climat, Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), La Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France 6. Gestion Intégrée et Développement Durable du Littoral Ouest-Africain (GIDEL), Université Cheikh Anta DIOP de Dakar, Fann, Dakar BP 5005, Senegal
Abstract
Knowledge of wave climate is essential for efficient management of the world’s coastal areas. Senegal is a relevant case, given its high coastal vulnerability to energetic wave conditions. This study investigates wave climates along the coastal zone of Senegal based on a new high-resolution hindcast covering the period 1980–2021. This study evaluates the average, seasonal, and extreme values for the significant wave heights (Hs), periods (Tm02/Tp), and mean directions (DIR). In boreal winter, the wave climate is dominated by swells coming from the North-Atlantic lows. In contrast, in boreal summer, the Southern Coast (from Dakar to Casamance) is exposed to swells generated in the South Atlantic Ocean. Throughout their refraction around the Dakar Peninsula, NW swells rotate by ~100° from NW to SW, while their Hs is roughly halved when reaching the Southern Coast of Senegal. Over the studied period, trends in Hs are weak (~0.6 cm.decade−1) on the Northern Coast and double on the Southern Coast (~1.2 cm.decade−1), mostly due to an increase during boreal summer (2 cm.decade−1). The wave periods show weak trends (~0.05 s.decade−1), and DIRs show weak counterclockwise rotation (−1°.decade−1). These trends are explained by the main climate modes of the Atlantic Ocean (NAO/EA during winter, SAM during summer) and are important for future research and long-term monitoring of the Senegalese Coast.
Subject
Atmospheric Science,Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
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