Searching for Intrinsic Causality between Colonic Dysbiosis and Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: A Mendelian Randomization-Based Analysis

Abstract

Objective: Little is known about gut microbiota (GM) and cardiomyopathy. Their causal relationship was explored using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) performed by R software. Methods: The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were further screened based on the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of gut microbiota and cardiomyopathy obtained from an open database. TSMR was performed using an MR-Egger regression, simple estimator based on mode, weighted median method, inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted estimator and CML-MA-BIC to explore the causal association. And the sensitivity analysis was carried out using an MR-Egger regression and the leave-one-out sensitivity test. Results: As for 211 GM taxa, IVW results confirmed that the class Actinobacteria (OR = 0.81, p = 0.021) and genus Coprobacter (OR = 0.85, p = 0.033) were protective factors for cardiomyopathy. The phylum Firmicutes (OR = 0.87, p < 0.01), family Acidaminococcaceae (OR = 0.89, p < 0.01), genus Desulfovibrio (OR = 0.92, p = 0.030) and genus Prevotella9 (OR = 0.93, p = 0.029) were protective factors for ischemic cardiomyopathy. The family Rhodospirillaceae (OR = 1.06, p = 0.036) and genus Turicibacter (OR = 1.09, p = 0.019) were risk factors for ischemic cardiomyopathy. The genus Olsenella (OR = 0.91, p = 0.032) was a protective factor for non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. The order Rhodospirillales (OR = 1.14, p = 0.024), family Rikenellaceae (OR = 1.21, p = 0.012) and genus Gordonibacter (OR = 1.12, p = 0.019) were risk factors for non-ischemic cardiomyopathy. The robustness of MR results was reflected in the heterogeneity (p > 0.05) and pleiotropy (p > 0.05) analyses. Conclusions: A potential causal relationship of cardiomyopathy with some GM taxa has been confirmed in the current study.