Design and Analysis of the Dual-Band Far-Field Super-Resolution Metalens with Large Aperture

Abstract

The resolving power of metalens telescopes rely on their aperture size. Flat telescopes are advancing with the research on super-resolution confocal metalenses with large aperture. However, the aperture sizes of metalenses are usually bound within hundreds of micrometers due to computational and fabrication challenges, limiting their usage on practical optical devices like telescopes. In this work, we demonstrated a two-step designing method for the design of dual-band far-field super-resolution metalens with aperture sizes from the micro-scale to macro-scale. By utilizing two types of inserted unit cells, the phase profile of a dual-wavelength metalens with a small aperture of 100 μm was constructed. Through numerical simulation, the measured FWHM values of the focal spots of 5.81 μm and 6.81 μm at working wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 1265.6 nm were found to all be slightly smaller than the values of 0.61 λ/NA, demonstrating the super-resolution imaging of the designed metalens. By measuring the optical power ratio of the focal plane and the incident plane, the focusing efficiencies were 76% at 632.8 nm and 64% at 1265.6 nm. Based on the design method for small-aperture metalens, far-field imaging properties through the macro metalens with an aperture of 40 mm were simulated by using the Huygens–Fresnel principle. The simulation results demonstrate confocal far-field imaging behavior at the target wavelengths of 632.8 nm and 1265.6 nm, with a focal length of 200 mm. The design method for dual-band far-field super-resolution metalens with a large aperture opens a door towards the practical applications in the dual-band space telescope system.