1. Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
2. Department of Dental Material Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad 44080, Pakistan
3. Department of Dental Biomaterials, Bakhtawar Amin Medical and Dental College, Multan 60650, Pakistan
4. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad 45650, Pakistan
5. Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia