Affiliation:
1. Faculty of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
2. Virtual Institute of Applied Research on Advanced Materials (VIARAM)
Abstract
Low-cost sensors and single circuit boards such as Arduino and Raspberry Pi have increased the possibility of measuring biosignals by smart textiles with embedded electronics. One of the main problems with such e-textiles is their washability. While batteries are usually removed before washing, single-board computers and microcontrollers, as well as electronic sensors, would ideally be kept inside a user-friendly smart garment. Here, we show results of washing tests with optical pulse sensors, which can be used in smart gloves not only for hospitalized patients, and ATtiny85 as an example of a single-board microcontroller, sewn onto different cotton fabrics. We report that even without any encapsulation, all tested sensors and microcontrollers endured 10 washing cycles at 30–60 °C without defects. For easier garment integration, we suggest using an ESP8266 with integrated Wi-Fi functionality and offer a new program code to measure beats per minute (BMP) with optimized accuracy.
Funder
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
Subject
Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Computer Networks and Communications,Hardware and Architecture,Signal Processing,Control and Systems Engineering
Reference28 articles.
1. Ritchie, H., and Roser, M. (2022, January 07). Causes of Death. Our World in Data. Available online: https://ourworldindata.org/causes-of-death.
2. The leading causes of death in the US for 2020;Ahmad;JAMA,2021
3. Conceptual design of a sensory shirt for fire-fighters;Aumann;Text. Res. J.,2014
4. Development of underwear with integrated 12 channel ECG for men and women;Trummer;AUTEX Res. J.,2017
5. An, X., and Stylios, G.K. (2018). A hybrid textile electrode for electrocardiogram (ECG) measurement and motion tracking. Materials, 11.