A Cryo-CMOS, Low-Power, Low-Noise, Phase-Locked Loop Design for Quantum Computers

Abstract

This paper analyzes the performance requirements that need to be met by a clock generator applied to a low-temperature quantum computer and analyzes the negative effects on the clock generator circuit under low-temperature conditions. In order to meet the performance requirements proposed in this paper and suppress the negative effects brought about by the low temperature, a clock generator for ultra-low-temperature quantum computing is designed. This clock generator is designed by using F-CLASS Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO), power filter, tail resistor, differential charge pump, and other techniques. And the noise characteristics of the clock generator are analyzed by Impulse Sensitive Function (ISF) and simulation results. After simulation tests, the average power consumption of the clock generator designed in this paper is 7 mW, the phase noise is −121 dBc/Hz@1 MHz, and the jitter is 62 fs. The performance of the clock generator meets the performance requirements proposed in this paper, and the reduction in the corner frequency proves that the circuit will have better performance at low temperatures.