An Integrated Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing Chirp Waveform Processing Method for Joint Radar and Communication Based on Low-Density Parity-Check Coding and Channel Estimation

Abstract

With the advancement of information technology construction, the integration of radar and communication represents a crucial technological evolution. Driven by the research boom of integrated sensing and communications (ISACs), some scholars have proposed utilizing orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) to separately modulate radar and communication signals. However, the OFDM symbols in this paper incorporate a cyclic prefix (CP) and a virtual carrier (VC) instead of zero padding (ZP). This approach mitigates out-of-band power caused by ZP, in addition to reducing adjacent channel interference (ACI). In addition, we introduce low-density parity-check (LDPC) and use an improved normalized min-sum algorithm (NMSA) in decoding. The enhanced decoding efficiency and minimized system errors render the proposed waveform more suitable for complex environments. In terms of signal processing methods, this paper continues to use radar signals as a priori information to participate in channel estimation. Further, we consider the symbol timing offset (STO) and carrier frequency offset (CFO) issues. In order to obtain more reliable data, we use the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimation based on the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to evaluate the channel. Simulation experiments verify that the system we propose not only realizes the transmission and detection functions but also improves the performance index of the integrated signal, such as the bit error rate (BER) of 7 × 10−5, the peak side lobe ratio (PSLR) of −13.81 dB, and the integrated side lobe ratio (ISLR) of −8.98 dB at a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 10 dB.