Quasi-Real RFI Source Generation Using Orolia Skydel LEO Satellite Simulator for Accurate Geolocation and Tracking: Modeling and Experimental Analysis

Abstract

Accurate geolocation and tracking of Radio-Frequency Interference (RFI) sources, which affect wireless and satellite systems such as Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Satellite Communication (SatCom) systems, are considered to be a significant issue. Several studies connected to civil and military operations on this issue have been investigated recently. The literature review has surveyed many algorithm simulations for optimizing geolocation and target-tracking estimation. Although most of these algorithms have their own advantages, they have weaknesses, such as accuracy, mathematical complexity, difficulties in implementation, and validation in the real environment, etc. This study has been concerned with investigating the accuracy of geolocation and tracking under high speed and powerful rotation using extracted data from the Orolia Skydel simulator, which simulates the space environment involving Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites as sensors and Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) as RFI emitters. Various scenarios modeled using the Orolia Simulator for quasi-real dynamic trajectories of LEO satellites have been created. The assumed approaches have been verified by Cramer–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) and Posterior CRLB (PCRLB) to determine the increase in Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value. The simulation scenarios have been performed using the Monte Carlo iteration. Eventually, the overall achieved results of the considered approaches using data acquired from the Orolia Simulator were presented and compared with theoretical simulation.